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Korean has twenty-seven syllable-final consonants which is every consonant, but not ㄸ, ㅉ, and ㄸ. However, only 7 sounds(ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, and ㅇ) are pronounced for 27 final consonants. The syllable-final consonants sound changes according to the last syllable of the final consonant.
| Final consonants | Sound | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| ㄱ, ㅋ, ㄲ, ㄳ, ㄺ | ㄱ [g] | 국→국 부엌→부엌 닦다.→닥따 읽다.→익따 |
| ㄴ, ㄵ, ㄶ | ㄴ [n] | 문→문 앉다.→안따 않다.→안타 |
| ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ, ㅆ | ㄷ [t] | 돋다.→돋다 옷장→옫짱 갖다.→갇따 찾다.→찯따 낱말→낟말 닿다.→닫따 했다.→핻따 |
| ㄹ, ㄼ, ㄽ, ㄾ, ㅀ | ㄹ [l] | 알다.→알다 삵→살 앓다.→알타 |
| ㅁ, ㄻ | ㅁ [m] | 삼→삼 삶→삼 |
| ㅂ, ㅍ, ㅄ, ㄿ | ㅂ [p] | 밥→밥 숲→숩 없다.→업따 읊다.→읍따 |
| ㅇ | ㅇ [ng] | 강→강 |
When ㄹ comes before or after ㄴ, ㄴchanges to ㄹ.
난리→ 날리, 난로→ 날로, 분량→ 불량, 달나라→ 달라라, 불나다.→ 불라다.
국: soup, 부엌: kitchen, 닦다: to clean; to polish, 읽다: to read, 문: door, 앉다: to sit, 않다: to do not, 돋다: to come up, 옷장: wardrobe, 갖다: to have, 찾다: to find, 낱말: vocabulary 닿다: to reach, 했다: to have done, 알다: to know, 삼: three, 삶: life, 밥: cooked rice; meal, 숲: forest, 없다: there is no; to have not, 읊다: to recite, 강: river, 난리: uproar, 난로: heater, 분량: quantity, 달나라: the lunar world, 불나다: fire breaks out
When the following syllable is a zero initial (e.g.. 에, 이, 아, 오, etc.), the 받침 (except ㅎ) replaces its ㅇ. If the 받침 is ㅇ, there's no need to change.
| Zero initial syllable | Pronunciation |
|---|---|
| 곡이 | 고기 |
| 시럽이 | 시러비 |
| 양말이 | 양마리 |
| 산이 | 사니 |
| 별이 | 벼리 |
| 곰이 | 고미 |
| 문 앞에 | 문 아페 |
| 하늘에 | 하느레 |
| 대답을 | 대다블 |
| 사랑을 | 자랑을 |
| 좋아 | 조하 (X) 조아 (O) |
| 빻아 | 빠하 (X) 빠아 (O) |
곡: music, 시럽: syrup, 양말: socks, 산: mountain, 별: star, 곰: bear, 문 앞: in front of the door, 하늘: sky, 대답: answer, 사랑: love, 자랑: boast, 좋다: to like, 빻다: to grind
For a double 받침, the last(second) part of the double 받침(except ㅎ) replaces a zero initial’s ㅇ when the following syllable is a zero initial.
밝아요 → 발가요
갔어요 → 가써요
짧아요 → 짤바요
닦아요 → 다까요
잤어요 → 자써요
없어요 → 업서요
삶아요 → 살마요
싫어요 → 실허요 (X) 시러요(O)
*ㄼ sounds either ㄹ or ㅂ.
| 밟다 to step on | 넓다 be wide |
|---|---|
| 밟다 밟자 밟고 밟는 밟아 밥따 밥짜 밥꼬 밥는 발바 | 넓다 넓고 넓은 엷다 엷게 엷은 널따 널꼬 널븐 열따 열께 열븐 |
밝다: to be light, 가다: to go, 짧다: to be short, 닦다: to clean, 자다: to sleep, 없다: to have not, 삶다: to boil, 싫다: to dislike
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